Python实现全自动购买火车票！抢票回家过年咯

这个是实现实现结果，因为一天只能取消三次，全自抢票所以最后一步点击确认被我注释了。动购 

1.首先实现使用selenium登陆12306

关于使用selenium实现12306登陆可以看我的买火另一篇文章 这里实现了使用selenium登陆12306，这次是车票基于上次的代码进行修改实现全自动购买车票的 实现全自动登陆12306链接。

2.根据上面实现登陆后，过年实现购买火车票还需两步

这里只进行了二等座的实现查询和购票，想要买其他的全自抢票自己也可以进行修改 1.进行车票的查询 这里面需要注意的是在输入目的地和起始地时需要先click一下文本框browser.find_element_by_id(‘fromStationText’).click() 不然输入的亿华云计算地址无效 还有将日期的只读属性去掉。 

def search_railway_ticket(fromstation,动购tostation,train_date):     # 火车票页面查询url     search_url = https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc     # 转到查询车次页面     browser.get(search_url)     time.sleep(2)     #输入出发地     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, fromStationText))     )     #先点击一下     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).click()     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).send_keys(fromstation)     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).send_keys(Keys.ENTER)     time.sleep(1)     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, toStationText))     )     #输入目的地     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).click()     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).send_keys(tostation)     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).send_keys(Keys.ENTER)     time.sleep(5)     #将日期的只读属性去掉     js = document.getElementById("train_date").removeAttribute("readonly")     browser.execute_script(js)     #去掉原本的时间     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, train_date))     )     browser.find_element_by_id("train_date").clear()     #输入出发时间     browser.find_element_by_id(train_date).send_keys(train_date)     # 等待查询按钮是否可用     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, query_ticket))     )     searBtn = browser.find_element_by_id(query_ticket)     searBtn.click()     print(点击按钮) 

2.购买火车票 在这个函数中需要注意的是最好把最后一步注释掉 browser.find_element_by_id(‘qr_submit_id’).click() 因为一天只能取消3次订单。 

def buy_ticket(fromstation,买火tostation,train_date,train_number,passenger):     #查询火车票     search_railway_ticket(fromstation,tostation,train_date)     time.sleep(5)     #获取每一个车次的信息     tr_list = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(.//tbody[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)])     for tr in tr_list:         #获取车次号         number = tr.find_element_by_class_name(number).text         if number in  train_number:             #获取是否还有票             left_ticket = tr.find_element_by_xpath(./td[4]).text             if left_ticket ==有or left_ticket.isdigit:                 print(f{ number}还有票)                 #点击预订                 orderBtn = tr.find_element_by_class_name(btn72)                 orderBtn.click()                 time.sleep(5)                 #获取12306中乘客的信息                 passenger_list = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(//*[@id="normal_passenger_id"]/li)                 for li in passenger_list:                     name = li.find_element_by_xpath(./label).text                     print(name)                     #配对12306人名                     if name == passenger:                         li.find_element_by_tag_name(input).click()                 #提交订单                 submit = browser.find_element_by_id(submitOrder_id)                 submit.click()                 WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(                     EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, qr_submit_id))                 )                 #一天只能取消3次 所以最好把最后一步注释了                 browser.find_element_by_id(qr_submit_id).click()                 print(已经提交订单)                 break 

下面是源代码

测试的时候可以把#click_captcha()这个点击验证码的去掉自己手动点击，这样就不用扣超级鹰的车票积分(有钱的高防服务器话当我没说)，留下了贫穷的过年泪水。 

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver import Actionchains import time from PIL import Image import requests from hashlib import md5 from selenium.webdriver import ChromeOptions #验证码识别处理 from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC class Chaojiying_Client(object):     def __init__(self,实现 username, password, soft_id):         self.username = username         password =  password.encode(utf8)         self.password = md5(password).hexdigest()         self.soft_id = soft_id         self.base_params = {              user: self.username,             pass2: self.password,             softid: self.soft_id,         }         self.headers = {              Connection: Keep-Alive,             User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0),         }     def PostPic(self, im, codetype):         """         im: 图片字节         codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html         """         params = {              codetype: codetype,         }         params.update(self.base_params)         files = { userfile: (ccc.jpg, im)}         r = requests.post(http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php, data=params, files=files, headers=self.headers)         return r.json()     def ReportError(self, im_id):         """         im_id:报错题目的图片ID         """         params = {              id: im_id,         }         params.update(self.base_params)         r = requests.post(http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php, data=params, headers=self.headers)         return r.json() def login(username,password):     # 填写账号密码     browser.find_element_by_id(J-userName).send_keys(username)     browser.find_element_by_id(J-password).send_keys(password)     # 获取验证码     get_captcha()     # 填写验证码     click_captcha()     #点击登录     time.sleep(4)     browser.find_element_by_id(J-login).click()     time.sleep(4)     #滑动验证码     slider()     print(成功登陆)     time.sleep(5) def slider():     #滑动验证码     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, //*[@id="nc_1_n1z"]))     )     span = browser.find_element_by_xpath(//*[@id="nc_1_n1z"])     # 对div_tag进行滑动操作     action = Actionchains(browser)     # 点击长按指定的标签     action.click_and_hold(span).perform()     action.drag_and_drop_by_offset(span, 400, 0).perform() def click_captcha():     # 获取验证码需要的为点击位置     chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client(自己的用户名, 密码, 软件id)  # 用户中心>>软件ID 生成一个替换 96001     im = open(./captcha.png, rb).read()  # 本地图片文件路径 来替换 a.jpg 有时WIN系统须要//     location = chaojiying.PostPic(im, 9004)[pic_str]  # 1902 验证码类型  官方网站>>价格体系 3.4+版 print 后要加()     print(chaojiying.PostPic(im, 9004))     # 将位置进行分割成    [  [  ], [ ], [ ]  ]类型     location_list = [i.split(,) for i in location.split(|)]     for l in location_list:         x = l[0]         y = l[1]         Actionchains(browser).move_to_element_with_offset(browser.find_element_by_class_name(login-pwd-code), int(x),int(y)).click().perform()         time.sleep(0.5) def get_captcha():     # 获取网页的截图     allscreen = browser.get_screenshot_as_file(allscreen.png)     # 获取captcha     captcha = browser.find_element_by_class_name(login-pwd-code)     # 获取captcha的左上角位置     location = captcha.location     # 获取图片大小     size = captcha.size     # 裁取captcha     rangle = (location[x],location[y],(location[x]+size[width]),(location[y]+size[height]))     i = Image.open(./allscreen.png)     captcha_img = ./captcha.png     frame = i.crop(rangle)     frame.save(captcha_img) def buy_ticket(fromstation,tostation,train_date,train_number,passenger):     #查询火车票     search_railway_ticket(fromstation,tostation,train_date)     time.sleep(5)     tr_list = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(.//tbody[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)])     for tr in tr_list:         number = tr.find_element_by_class_name(number).text         if number in  train_number:             left_ticket = tr.find_element_by_xpath(./td[4]).text             if left_ticket ==有or left_ticket.isdigit:                 print(f{ number}还有票)                 orderBtn = tr.find_element_by_class_name(btn72)                 orderBtn.click()                 time.sleep(5)                 passenger_list = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(//*[@id="normal_passenger_id"]/li)                 for li in passenger_list:                     name = li.find_element_by_xpath(./label).text                     if name == passenger:                         li.find_element_by_tag_name(input).click()                 submit = browser.find_element_by_id(submitOrder_id)                 submit.click()                 WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(                     EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, qr_submit_id))                 )                 #一天只能取消3次 所以把最后一步注释了                 # browser.find_element_by_id(qr_submit_id).click()                 print(已经提交订单)                 break def search_railway_ticket(fromstation,tostation,train_date):     # 火车票页面查询url     search_url = https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc     # 转到查询车次页面     browser.get(search_url)     time.sleep(2)     #输入出发地     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, fromStationText))     )     #先点击一下     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).click()     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).send_keys(fromstation)     browser.find_element_by_id(fromStationText).send_keys(Keys.ENTER)     time.sleep(1)     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, toStationText))     )     #输入目的地     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).click()     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).send_keys(tostation)     browser.find_element_by_id(toStationText).send_keys(Keys.ENTER)     time.sleep(5)     #将日期的只读属性去掉     js = document.getElementById("train_date").removeAttribute("readonly")     browser.execute_script(js)     #去掉原本的时间     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, train_date))     )     browser.find_element_by_id("train_date").clear()     #输入出发时间     browser.find_element_by_id(train_date).send_keys(train_date)     # 等待查询按钮是否可用     WebDriverWait(browser, 1000).until(         EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, query_ticket))     )     searBtn = browser.find_element_by_id(query_ticket)     searBtn.click()     print(点击按钮) if __name__ == __main__:     option = ChromeOptions()  # 实例化一个ChromeOptions对象     option.add_experimental_option(excludeSwitches, [enable-automation])  # 以键值对的形式加入参数     option.add_experimental_option(useAutomationExtension, False)     browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)     # 获取响应     browser.get(https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html)     script = Object.defineProperty(navigator,"webdriver",{ get:()=>undefined,});     browser.execute_script(script)     browser.maximize_window()     time.sleep(1)     # 点击账号登陆     browser.find_element_by_class_name(login-hd-account).click()     #登陆12306的账号密码     login(用户名,密码)     time.sleep(4)     #例buy_ticket(南昌,抚州北,2020-12-15,D2241,xx)     buy_ticket(起始地,目的地,出发日期,车次,姓名) 

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